Captain James Cook's "swatch book" containing pieces of cloth from colonialism in the South Seas, ca. 1787. More info: https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/an-atlas-in-cloth-captain-cooks-rarely-seen-fabric-book
The Boxer Codex, from the Treasures of the Lilly Collections, ca. 1590. More info: http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/digital/collections/items/show/93